The ethiopian road authority era investigated the link between the country. In certain respects, past policy perceptions and practice have often equated rural development with agriculture, and rural development policies have been subsumed under an agricultural policy package. To present the scope and origins of rural development. Pdf on oct 29, 2018, abate meseret chanie and others published rural development policy. Ethiopia, the agricultural sector and rural development will necessarily form the core of such policy. Agricultural development led industrialisation adli is a central pillar of economic policy in the recently completed plan for accelerated and sustained development to end poverty pasdep and the soontobe launched five year growth. Determinants of rural household savings in ethiopia. The main purpose of this essay is to examine the major rural development policy making tools and frameworks in the context of ethiopia. Ethiopian rural development policy and strategy pdf, ethiopia. Policy was through a bottom up approach involving all key stakeholders, it is now important. The past 20 years have witnessed a steep decline in the availability of public resources for agriculture and rural development. In response to prevailing weak urbanurban and urbanrural linkages, ethiopian government has formulated a policy that was aimed at strengthening urbanurban and urbanrural linkages. Recently, in addition to agricultural extension package, the government is trying to introduce initiate an appropriate agricultural policy that would transform ethiopian rural economy and thereby reduce rural poverty. The current government plan to meet that objective is to attract foreign investors to develop lands.
Ethiopia s main development challenge continues to be generating quality economic growth that will substantially reduce its still high poverty levels, particularly in rural areas. The evolution of rural development policies in ethiopia. Implications of land policies for rural urban linkages and rural transformation in ethiopia getnet alemu zewdu and mehrab malek development strategy and governance division, international food policy research institute ethiopia strategy support program 2, ethiopia e ethiopia strategy support program essp essp ii working paper no. The political economy of agricultural extension policy in. Combining the road database and the ess data, this study aims. Addressing rural development is key for ethiopias growth process. The present rural development policy and strategies underscores one basic objective with regard to economic development, i. Agricultural development in the rural areas of ethiopia can facilitate greater national food security and allow for an increase in agricultural exports.
Jul 14, 20 the various rural development programs, such as the current growth and transformation plan, the frequently expanded coverage of the food security program, the education and health sector programs, and special policies and programs designed to address the problems of vulnerable areas and social groups, are some of the measures intended to. The struggle against poverty is directly linked to saving rural people. Broader views of regional situations and new kinds of policy are evidently needed in order to solve this problem. Ethiopia as a political entity is said to date back more than 3,000 years, making it one of. Section 1 to examine state intervention in the rural sector during the 1970s the green revolution, integrated rural development and basic needs and the lessons these provide for rural development policy in the 21st century. Policies addressing ruralurban linkages, land tenure issues, and questions of demographic transition, as well as issues of education and health, can be particularly supportive in accelerating this change. Informed by these experiences and having recognized future opportunities, ethiopia has accepted with strong government commitments and endorsed the 2030 agenda for sustainable development by the house of people representatives with full sense. The adoption of agricultural development led industrialization strategy provided longterm. Poverty, peasantry and agriculture in ethiopia sciencedirect.
This oromia sam is employed as a framework to estimate the effects of policy shocks on rural. The appalachian regional development act of 1965 represents one attempt to achieve a broad regional view. Ethiopia has been pursuing propoor policies, implementing development plans and programs within which global development frameworks such as the mdgs, the brussels program of action and its succcessor the. The author utilizes data from world bank wb and food association. Rural development is a process of providing opportunities, services and amenities to the. Implications of land policies for the ruralurban linkages. Given the size of the rural population, and the importance of agriculture for. Aug, 2018 agriculture is the mainstay of ethiopian economy involving major source of employment and gross national product. Owing to this, this study is designed to examine the challenges and problems, status and.
Rural development policy of ethiopia with particular emphasis on. Rural development policy making tools and frameworks in grin. Institutional arrangement of the federal rural land administration and use at the federal level, land administration was a small and underresourced unit in the natural resources development directorate of the ministry of agriculture m oa until 2010, when a. Neduri suryanarayana, professor, dilla university, ethiopia. In either case, regulation of landleases is required, along with regulation and enforcement of environmental protection and contractual agreements. Oct 29, 2018 the study investigates ethiopia s and chinas rural development policies since the major rural reform periods. The political economy of agricultural extension policy in ethiopia. Ethiopias agriculture sector policy and investment framework. A policy and planning framework for activities funded by usaid under the title ii food for peace program ljsaid addis ababa, ethiopia july 31, 2003. Studies on agricultural development policies of ethiopia are very few. An important question in the development debate regarding rural development has been the relationship between agriculture and the rural economy. Implications of land policies for the rural urban linkages. The government of ethiopia has recognized that without proactive rural development policies, it is impossible to create a favorable environment for accelerated.
It is our belief, furthermore, that the objectives expressed above can best be attained in the context of an independent. Predicaments of rural development interventions in tigray. A series of governmentled structural reforms have contributed to sustained growth in the. Agricultural policies, agricultural production and rural. Education and rural development in ethiopia sciencedirect. Agricultural development policies of ethiopia since 1957. Rural development and national integration in ethiopia 5 destruction was so severe in some areas that several years of famine followed the military campaigns. The biggest challenge in developing and implementing successful rural development strategies is governance, particularly the capacity to integrate, coordinate, implement, monitor and adjust. Challenges for sustainable rural development in ethiopia. Constraints and challenges in implementing agricultural. The ethiopia strategy support program 2 is an initiative to strengthen evidencebased policymaking in ethiopia in the areas of rural and agricultural development.
The study investigates ethiopia s and chinas rural development policies since the major rural reform periods. Ethiopian agriculture is changing as new actors, relationships, and policies influence the ways in which smallscale, resourcepoor farmers access and use information and knowledge in their agricultural production decisions. Sep 01, 2017 hard work was made not to have lasting positive impact in the life of rural ethiopia. Under a constitutional provision, there is a federal land proclamation providing. However, ethiopia faces critical challenges it will need to overcome to meet the needs of a growing rural population. Ethiopia s agriculture sector policy and investment. The reason for repeated mention of the nature of economic policy in ethiopia being agriculture and ruralcentered is because this is the basis for implementing the overall economic development objective and the guiding. In addition, the ess represents a large part of rural ethiopia, which allows this study to explore locational heterogeneity in the impacts of rural road development.
Road sector development and economic growth in ethiopia. Marketled agricultural development strategy a term paper submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the course gads 503 development perspectives and political theories. Generating economic growth and job opportunities has become a key priority in low or lower density regions. Rural development policy of ethiopia with particular. Economic growth and political control kassahun berhanu respectively, associate professor, department of political science and international relations, addis ababa university.
The derg government changed the previous national development strategy, placing the emphasis on a centrally planned economy. United states agency for international development ethiopia p. The buildings and other small infrastructure facilities. Pdf agriculture is the mainstay of ethiopian economy involving major source of employment and gross national product. It has also enjoyed a considerable attention by the government. Developing countries like ethiopia has low level of urbanization and high rate of urban growth. Rural agricultural development, along with a shift from landleases to upstream agricultural industries, are two potential, complementary, alternatives. Facilitated by the international food policy research institute ifpri, essp 2 works closely with the government of ethiopia, the. Lecturer, department of rural development and agricultural extension, college of agriculture and rural transformation, university of gondar, ethiopia. The case of east hararghe zone, oromia regional state girma teshome 1, belay kassa 2. National report of ethiopia sustainable development. A case study of the educational system in ethiopia from 1942 to 1974, a country where more than 85 per cent of the population lives in the rural areas, revealed that the educational system was geared towards urban development and neglected the rural sector. The national employment policy and strategy n eps of ethiopia is prepared in response to the need for such a framework to guide interventions aimed at improving employment and its poverty outcomes in the country. Addressing rural development is key for ethiopia s growth process.
In tigray region of ethiopia, rural development is based on agricultural knowledge and livelihood systems that are key elements in the policy making and implementation of agricultural. This policy response has a root to eradicate or if. This has had an effect on rural development policy. Advancing rural development policy and analysis the new rural paradigm was a response to changing conditions in rural areas. Security of tenure and ownership of land provides the right incentives to invest or make improvement in land and natural resources. Lecturer, department of natural resources management, college of agriculture and rural transformation, university of gondar, ethiopia. This policy framework is designed to underscore the fact that consistent policy. Although these changes suggest new opportunities for smallholders, too little is known about how changes will ultimately improve the wellbeing of smallholders in ethiopia. Introduction agricultural development led industrialization adli is the policy principle adopted by ethiopia, a lowincome country, to promote its national development. Democratic republic of ethiopia, ministry of finance and economic development mofed, 200 2.
Tenure security is vital for a successful agricultural development, especially in a country like ethiopia where 85% of the population lives in the rural area. Department of political science and international relations. Department of political science and international relations, addis ababa univeristy, 2006. What does ethiopia need to ascertain from china rural development policy to eradicate rural poverty. Given the dominance of agriculture in the ethiopian economy, i. Policy makers and donor agencies have so far been emphasized the use of modem farm technologies as a sole source of agricultural growth in ethiopia. By embedding rural development within rural transformation, and that within structural transformation, developments in urban and rural areas can be. West and east africa mali, burkina faso, ghana, ethiopia, uganda and kenya. Rural development and national integration in ethiopa.
Agriculture is the mainstay of ethiopian economy involving major source of employment and gross national product. Federal democratic republic of ethiopia sustainable development. Rural development policy making tools and frameworks in ethiopia. A case study of the integrated rural development program in india. Statistical evidence shows that agriculture is not the main source of rural jobs and incomes anymore and that several rural regions perform in line with urban regions in terms of economic growth. Access to rural land in eastern ethiopia mismatch between policy and reality. Evaluation of rural development policy and strategy in ethiopia. The study generally indicated that there is a wellestablished nexus between the. In this case, using rural development interventions to boost access to productive assets for these households and to increase their productivity of resource use should be a major objective for rural policy.
It also presents rural development approaches, evolution of rural development policies, rural development policy instruments and frameworks, and their application in ethiopian context. In a nutshell, the process of rural development must represent the entire gamut of change by which a social system moves away from a state of life perceived as unsatisfactory. Given the rural nature of most livelihoods in ethiopia, fulfilling the above economic development objective requires a comprehensive rural development vision as. The author utilizes data from world bank wb and food association organization fao to scrutinize the consequence of rural development policies towards rural poverty eradication in china and ethiopia. Ethiopia and china have been implementing rural development policies and strategies to lead millions of rural poor out of poverty. National employment policy and strategy of ethiopia. It also reaffirms the commitment of the american people to help the people of ethiopia improve their food security, health, selfreliance, and resilience.
The case of east hararghe zone, oromia regional state girma teshome 1, belay kassa 2, bezabih emana 3, jema haji4. Unlocking ethiopias urban land and housing markets. Rural development policy of ethiopia with particular emphasis. Successful rural development strategies have to be tailored to the specific conditions of each country 2. Semidetailed integrated land use planning projects at subbasin level in a number of national regional states 2010 2012 5.
Dejene, the evolution of rural development policies, in s. The integrated resource development master plans of the major river basins of the country developed by the ministry of water and energy 1996 2010 4. A series of governmentled structural reforms have contributed to sustained growth in the country over the last two decades as well as to considerable poverty reduction in rural areas. Further, the policy outcomes an d gaps are discusse d and expla ined. Ethiopian rural development policy and strategy pdf. The national development policies of ethiopia economics essay. By african, standard rural development programme has long history in ethiopia. Integral to achieving inclusive agricultural growth and sustainable food security within ethiopia are the linked and crosscutting issues of nutrition, climate change, gender and governance. This document aims to show how the new policy framework for. Guidelines for the development of small scale rural water. The analysis is based on social accounting matrix sam of oromia region.
1492 1241 1365 918 1679 1124 1529 1704 1349 662 1381 1470 1787 1763 215 489 316 1053 48 468 1627 1567 888 1322 692 827 1264 560 591 1502 572 481 1571 1064 485 451